Tutkimusmenetelmistä

Kvalitatiivisia tutkimusmenetelmiä

Diskurssianalyysi
Heikkilä Mia, 2004. Olo oli kuin makkaralla nakin kuoirissa. Lapin yliopisto. Pro gradu.
Lintula Anna. Diskurssianalyysi lähestymistapana tekstien tarkastelussa.
Kangaspunta Seppo. Diskurssianalyysi median tutkimisessa.

Papinniemi Jyrki. Diskurssianalyysin problematiikkaa. Sivuja ei ole päivitetty vuoden 2000 jälkeen.

Käsiteanalyysi

Käsiteanalyysin käyttöön tutkimuksessa voit tutustua esim. näiden töiden kautta.
Alkio Paula, Vähittäiskaupan rakennemuutos pro gradu ohj. Kari Neilimo

Nuopponen Anita 2003. Käsiteanalyysi asiantuntijan työvälineenä. Teoksessa: Kieli ja asiantuntijuus. AFinLA- vuosikirja, 13-24. Toim. Merja Koskela & Nina Pilke. Suomen soveltavan kielitieteen yhdistys, Jyväskylä.

Surakka Sami Delfoi-menetelmä, käsiteanalyysi ja pienet otoskoot

Teemahaastattelu

Teemahaastattelussa haastattelun aihepiirit, =(teema-alueet), on määrätty etukäteen. Menetelmässä ei ole strukturoidulle haastattelulle tyypillistä tarkkaa kysymysten muotoa ja järjestystä. Haastattelija varmistaa, että kaikki etukäteen päätetyt teema-alueet käydään haastateltavan kanssa läpi. Käsittelyjärjestys vaihtelee haastattelusta toiseen, kuten myös aiheiden laajuus. Haastattelijalla on tukilista käsiteltävistä asioista, mutta ei valmiita kysymyksiä. (Eskola & Suoranta 1999, 87.)

Eskola, J. & Suoranta, J. 1999. Johdatus laadulliseen tutkimukseen. Tampere: Vastapaino.

Haastattelu: tutkimus, tilanteet ja vuorovaikutus. 2005.
toim. Johanna Ruusuvuori ja Liisa Tiittula. Tampere: Vastapaino. (310 s.) Teoksen esittely

Hirsjärvi, S. & Hurme, H. 1998. Teemahaastattelu. Helsinki: Yliopistopaino.

Kainulainen, H. 2004.

http://www.om.fi/optula/uploads/ng1i86rhyqju.pdf

Vastapainon sivustolla.Kvantitatiivisiä tutkimusmenetelmiä


LISREL-analyysi

Linkkejä

LISREL - structural equation modeling (tietoja ja LISREL-ohjelma)

SPSS LISREL

Stat/Math Center: LISREL (University of Indiana)

Kirjallisuutta

Alanen, Erkki ja Leskinen, Esko. 1992. Equality constraints for reliability and stability in multi-wave, multi-variable models by using reparameterized LISREL. Preprints from the Department of Statistics / University of Jyväskylä, no. 1. University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä.

Cabble, Anja (1988) Log-lineaaristen ja LISREL-mallien käyttö psykoterapiassa tapahtuneen muutoksen tutkimisessa. Jyväskylän yliopisto, Jyväskylä.

Diamantopoulos, Adamantios and Siguaw, Judy A. 2000. Introducing LISREL. A Guide for the Uninitiated. Sage Publications, London.

Forsman, Sari (2004) How do small rural food-processing firms compete?: a resource-based approach to competitive strategies. Scientific Agricultural Society of Finland [Helsinki]: MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Jokioinen.

Grönroos, Matti. 1984. Confirmatory factor analysis in small samples: a Monte Carlo study of LISREL solutions. Publications of the Department of Statistics, A, 1984, 1. University of Turku, Turku.

Hayduk, Leslie A. 1987. Structural equation modeling with LISREL: essentials and advances. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md..

Jöreskog, K. G. 1973. A general method for estimating a linear structural equation system. In Goldberger, A. S. & Duncan, O. D. (eds.). Structural Equation Models in the Social Sciences. Seminar Press, New York.

Jöreskog, K. G. & Sörbom, D. 1989. LISREL 7. A Guide to the Program and Apllications. 2nd Edition. SPSS inc., Chicago.

Jöreskog, K. G. & Sörbom, D. 1993. LISREL 8: Structural Equation Modeling with the SIMPLIS Command Language. Scientific Software International, Chicago.

Kelloway, Kevin E. 1998. Using LISREL for Structural Equation Modleing. Sage, London.

Kreft, Ita and de Leeuw, Jan (1998) Introducing multilevel modeling. SAGE, London.

Korhonen, Markku ja Valkeila, Esko. 1990. SPSS-X -opas ja LISREL -liitäntä. Opetusmonisteita / Helsingin yliopiston laskentakeskus 15. Helsingin yliopisto, Helsinki.

Long, J. Scott. 1987. Confirmatory factor analysis: a preface to LISREL. SAGE Publications, Beverly Hills, Calif.

Leimu, Heikki. 1983. Työntekijäin työasema ja työpaikkaliikkuvuus erikokoisissa teollisuusyrityksissä 1. Turun yliopiston julkaisuja. Sarja C, osa 40. Turun yliopisto, Turku.

Luke, Douglas A. (2004) Multilevel Modeling. Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences Series. Volume 143. SAGE, London.

Luoma, Martti. 1981. On the use of LISREL in the analysis of investment equations. Proceedings of the University of Vaasa. Discussion papers 28. University of Vaasa, Vaasa.

Mebane, Walter R. Jr., Jasjeet S. Sekhon and Martin T. Wells. 1995. The Robustness of Normal-theory LISREL Models: Tests Using a New Optimizer, the Bootstrap, and Sampling Experiments, with Applications.

Panula, Juha. 1993. Televisionkatselun suuntautuneisuus ja muuttuva televisioympäristö. Turun kauppakorkeakoulun julkaisuja. Sarja A 6. Turun kauppakorkeakoulu, Turku.

Snijders, Tom A. B. and Bosker, Roel J. (1999) Multilevel analysis: an introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modeling. SAGE, London.

SPSS LISREL 7 and PRELIS. 1993. SPSS Inc., cop. , Chicago (Ill.).

Yli-Luoma, Pertti V. J. 1996. Lisrel. IMDL, cop., Helsinki.

Lisää kirjallisuutta polkuanalyysista

Bohrnstedt, George W. and Knoke, David. 1988. Statistics for Social Data Analysis. Second Edition. F. E. Peacock Publishers Inc., Itasca Ill. (sivut 430-465)

Boyle, Richard P. 1970. Path Analysis and Ordinal Data. American Journal of Sociology 75: January, 361-480. Myös teoksessa: Causal Models in the Social Sciences. Editor: H. M. Blalock. Aldine & Atherton, Chicago and New York 1971.

Bryman, Alan and Cramer, Duncan. 1990. Quantitative data analysis for social scientists. Routledge, London and New York.

Hunter, John E. and Schmidt, Frank L. 1990. Methods of Meta-Analysis. Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings. SAGE Publications, Newbury Park-London-New Delhi. (ss. 246-251)

Duncan, Otis Dudley. 1966. Path Analysis: Sociological Examples. American Journal of Sociology 72: July, 1-16. Myös teoksessa: Causal Models in the Social Sciences. 1971. Editor: H. M. Blalock. Aldine & Atherton, Chicago and New York.

Kelley, Jonathan. 1973. Causal Chain Models for the Socioeconomic Career. American Sociological Review 38: August, 481-493.

Miller, Delbert C. 1991. Handbook of Research Design and Sociasl Measurement. Copyright by SAGE Publications, Newbury Park-London-New Delhi. (alkeet ss. 286-292)

Robinson, Robert V. and Kelley, Jonathan. 1979. Class as Conceived by Marx and Dahrendorf: Effects on IncomeeInequality and Politics in the United States and Great Britain. American Sociological Review 44: February, 38-58.

Roos, Jeja-Pekka. 1971. Polkuanalyysi. Moniste. Helsinki.

Stolzenberg, Ross M. and Land, Kenneth C. 1983. Causal Modeling and Survey Research. Teoksessa: Handbook of Survey Research. Edited by Peter H. Rossi, James D. Wright and Andy B. Anderson. Academic Press, New York and London.

Turner Malcolm E. and Stevens, Charles D. 1971. The Regression Analysis of Causal Paths. Teoksessa: Causal Models in the Social Sciences. Editor: H. M. Blalock. Aldine & Atherton, Chicago and New York .

de Vaus, D. A. 1991. Surveys in Social Research. Third Edition. Allen & Unwin, Sydney. (sivut 213-230)

Wright, Sewall. 1971. Path Coefficients and Path Regressions: Alternative or Complementary Concepts. Teoksessa: Causal Models in the Social Sciences. Editor: H. M. Blalock. Aldine & Atherton, Chicago and New York.

Painetut lähteet:
Mm. näiden lähteiden avulla itse olen perehtynyt SPSS-ohjelman käyttöön. Molemmat kirjat on kirjoitettu mielestäni erittäin selkeästi.
Brace, N., Kemp, R. & Snelar, R. (2003). SPSS for Psychologists. A Guide to Data Analysis using SPSS for Windows. 2. painos. Surrey: Palgrave Macmillian.


Bryman Aalan & Duncan Cramer (2001). Quantitative Data Analysis with SPSS relase 10 for Windows. A quide for Social Scientists. Routledge.

Sähköiset lähteet:

Korpelainen Eero SPSS-kurssi
Linkkejä SPSS-sivustoille (Tampereen yliopistolla ylläpidetty sivusto)
Muuranen SPSS-kurssi jatko-opiskelijoille
Nevanlinna Antti SPSS-linkkejä (Helsingin yliopisto)
SPSS for Windows Perusopas (TKKK)

KVALITATIIVISEN JA KVANTITATIIVISEN ANALYYSIN YHDISTÄMISESTÄ:

1. Linkkejä

Bridges: Mixed Methods Network for Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences by Abbas Tashakkori, College of Education, University of Florida

2. Kirjallisuutta

Ackerman, Fran - Eden, Colin - Williams, Terry (1997) Modeling for Litigation: Mixing Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. INTERFACES 27: 2, 48-65.

Armstrong, David et al. (1997) The place of inter-rater reliability in qualitative research: An empirical study. Sociology, 31 (3), 597-606.

Bazeley, P. (1999) The bricoleur with a computer: Piecing together qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative Health Research, 9(2), 279-287.

Bazeley, Pat (2002) The evolution of a project involving an integrated analysis of structured qualitative and quantitative data: from N3 to NVivo. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 5: 3 (July 01), 229-243.

Bernard, Russell H. (1999) Social Research Methods. Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. SAGE Publications, London.

Blaikie, Norman. 1993. Approaches to Social Enquiry. Polity Press.

Blatchford, Peter (2005) A Multi-method Approach to the Study of School Class Size Differences. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8: 3 (July), 195-205.

Brannen, Julia (2005) Mixing Methods: The Entry of Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches into the Research Process. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8: 3 (July), 173-184.

Britt, David W. (1997) A Conceptual Introduction to Modeling: Qualitative and Quantitative Perspectives. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah NJ.

Bryman, Alan (1995) Quantity and Quality in Social Research. Routledge, London. (ruotsiksi Bryman Alan (1998). Kvantitet och kvalitet i samhällsvetenskaplig forskning. Översättning: Björn Nilsson. Studenlitteratur, Lund.

Bryman, Alan (1998) Quantitative and qualitative research strategies in knowing the social world. In Tim May and Malcolm Williams (eds) Knowing The Social World. Open University Press, Buckingham and Philadelphia, 138-156.

Collier, David & Seawright, Jason & Brady, Henry E. (2003) Qualitative versus Quantitative: What Might This Distinction Mean? Qualitative Methods 1: 1 (Spring), 4-8. Saatavana pdf-muodossa [7.10.2003]. URL: http://www.asu.edu/clas/polisci/cqrm/Newsletter/Newsletter1.1.pdf.

Flick, U. (1992) Triangulation revisited: Strategy of or alternative to validation of qualitative data. Journal of Theory of Social Behavior, 22, 175-197.

Frechtling, Joy & Laure Sharp Westat (eds) (1997) User-Friendly Handbook for Mixed Method Evaluations. NSF Program Officer Conrad Katzenmeyer, Directorate for Education and Human Resources. Division of Research, Evaluation and Communication. This handbook was developed with support from the National Science Foundation RED 94-52965.

Giele, Janet Z. and Elder, Glen H. Jr. (eds) (1998) Methods of Life Course Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. SAGE, London.

Green, Anthony and Preston, John (2005) Editorial: Speaking in Tongues—Diversity in Mixed Methods Research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8: 3 (July), 167-171.

Hammond, Cathie (2005) The Wider Benefits of Adult Learning: An Illustration of the Advantages of Multimethod Research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8: 3 (July), 239-255

Harden, Angela and Thomas, James (2005) Methodological Issues in Combining Diverse Study Types in Systematic Reviews. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8: 3 (July), 257-271

Hoyles, Celia & Küchemann, Dietmar & Healy, Lulu & Yang, Min (2005) Students' Developing Knowledge in a Subject Discipline: Insights from Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Methods. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8: 3 (July), 225-238.

Jones, Ian (1997) Mixing Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Sports Fan Research. The Qualitative Report 3 (4). Retrieved [11-05-2004] from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR3-4/jones.html.

Kelle, Udo & Erzberger, Jens (1999) Integration qualitativer und quantitativer Methoden: methodologische Modelle und ihre Bedeutung für die Forschungspraxis. Kölner Zeitschrift Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 51: 509-531.

Kelley, D. Lynn (1999) Measurement Made Accessible. A Research Approach Using Qualitative, Quantitative and Quality Improvement Methods. SAGE Publications, London.

Kirk, J. and Miller, M. (1986) Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research. Qualitative Research Method Series, 1. Sage, London..

Giele, J. Z. and Elder Jr., G. H. (1998) Methods of Life Course Research: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Sage, London.

Jick, T. (1983) Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: Triangulation in action. In Maanen, v. (ed). Qualitative Methodology. Sage, London, 153-148.

Layder, Derek (1993) New Strategies in Social Research, Polity Press.

Nau, Douglas (1995) Mixing Methodologies: Can Bimodal Research be a Viable Post-Positivist Tool? The Qualitative Report 2: 3, December. (http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR3-4/jones.html)

Neuman, W. Lawrence (1994) Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, Allyn and Bacon. (erit. luku Meanings of Methodology).

Newman, Isadore and Benz, Carolyn R. (1998) Qualitative-Quantitative Research Methodology: Exploring the Interactive Continuum. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale.

Plewis, Ian and Mason, Paul (2005) What Works and Why: Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches in Largescale Evaluations. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8: 3 (July), 185-194.

Punch, Keith F. (1998) Introduction to Social Research. Quantitative & Qualitative Approaches. SAGE Publications, London.

Richards, L. (2000) Integrating data: can qualitative software do it? A paper delivered at the
Strategies In Qualitative Research conference in London (September) and ISA Methodology
conference in Cologne (October). (Downloadable in PDF form
in this page)

Sale, Joanna E. M. ; Lohfeld, Lynne H. and Brazil, Kevin (2002) Revisiting the Quantitative-Qualitative Debate: Implications for Mixed-Methods Research , Quality & Quantity 36: 1 (February), 43 - 53.

Sammons, Pam et al. (2005) Investigating the Effects of Pre-school Provision: Using Mixed Methods in the EPPE Research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8: 3 (July), 207-224

Smith, John K. and Heshusius, Lous (1986) Closing down the conversation: The end of the Quantitative-Qualitative Debate. Educational Researcher 15: 1.

Sprintz, Detlef F. and Wolinsky-Nahmias, Yael (2004) Conclusion: Multimethod Research. In Sprintz, Detlef F. and Wolinsky-Nahmias, Yael (eds) Models, Numbers & Cases. Methods for Studying International Realtions. The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 367-381.

Tashakkori, Abbas and Teddlie, Charles (1998) Mixed Methodology: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. SAGE, Thousand Oaks CA.

Tashakkori, Abbas & Teddlie, Charles (eds) (2002) Handbook of mixed methods for the social and behavioural sciences. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.

Thomas, Murray R. (2003) Blending Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods in Theses and Dissertations. Sage, London.

Töttö, Pertti (1999) Kvalitatiivisen ja kvantitatiivisen tuolle puolen? Metodipoliittinen puheenvuoro. Sosiologia 36: 4, 280-292.

Töttö, Pertti (2000) Pirullisen positivismin paluu. Laadullisen ja määrällisen tarkastelua. Vastapaino, Tampere.

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